Eric Godal (Erich Goldbaum) (1898–1969): A Pioneering German Cartoonist’s Journey Through Turbulent Times

Eric Godal, born Eric Jakob Josef Goldbaum on January 15, 1899, in Berlin, left an indelible mark on the world of cartoons and illustrations. His life was a tapestry woven with artistic brilliance, resilience, and a commitment to freedom of expression. As a German draftsman, cartoonist, and illustrator, Godal’s work traversed pre-World War II Berlin, the perils of Nazi rule, the embrace of the United States, and his eventual return to a transformed Germany. This article delves into the fascinating life and career of Eric Godal, also known by his pseudonym Erich Godal.

Early Life and Education

Erich Goldbaum was the son of a senior bank employee, born into the vibrant city of Berlin on January 15, 1899. His father’s untimely death in 1934 would mark the beginning of a series of tumultuous events that would shape Godal’s life. Despite the challenges, he pursued his education with a passion for the arts, studying painting, stage design, and sculpture at the Berlin-Charlottenburg School of Applied Arts. Under the guidance of notable mentors such as Rudolf Albert Becker-Heyer, Harold Bengen, Teo Otto, and Ernst Stern, Godal honed his artistic skills.

His artistic journey commenced in 1919 as a poster artist and illustrator for the magazine “Der Orchideengarten.” By 1920, he had already made a significant mark, publishing the portfolio “Revolution” in the “Cooperative for Proletarian Art” in Berlin. Godal’s versatility extended beyond static illustrations, as he worked as a press illustrator for court hearings and contributed to various publications, including the Berliner 8 Uhr-Abendblatt, Emelka newsreel, Simplicissimus, Die Aktion, and Uhu.

Fleeing Nazi Germany

As the Nazis rose to power in 1933, Godal faced the threat of persecution due to his outspoken and critical illustrations of Hitler and his stormtroopers. In a daring move, he fled Berlin on February 26, 1933, narrowly escaping arrest when authorities mistakenly surrounded the wrong house. Prague became his refuge, where he continued his artistic endeavors, contributing to anti-Nazi publications such as “Prager Mittag” and “Der Simplicus.”

In 1935, recognizing the escalating danger, Godal emigrated to the United States. By 1936, he was denaturalized by the German Reich. In New York City, he co-founded the exile newspaper “Star” with Franz Höllering, produced political cartoons for the short-lived new company “Ken,” and contributed to the Jewish exile newspaper “Aufbau.” His teaching position at the New School of Social Research in New York marked a new chapter in his career, where he shared his artistic insights with eager students.

Contributions in the United States

Godal’s artistic output in the United States was prolific. He contributed to various American papers, illustrating children’s books by Roselle Ross and leaving an indelible mark on the American cartooning scene. His creative endeavors were not confined to traditional media, as he played a pivotal role in establishing the exile newspaper “Star” and lent his talents to political commentary through cartoons.

The specter of McCarthyism, however, cast a shadow on many creative minds during this period. In response to the political climate, Godal returned to Germany in 1954. Despite the challenges of reintegration, he found opportunities to contribute to publications such as “Welt am Sonntag,” the “Hamburger Abendblatt,” and the “Illustrierte Constanze.” Commissions for book illustrations further showcased his artistic versatility.

Return to Germany and Later Years

The post-McCarthy era in Germany saw Godal engaging with the changing landscape. His contributions to Springerpresse publications and various commissions reflected a keen understanding of the evolving societal dynamics. In 1958, he collaborated with Rolf Italiaander to publish the book “Teenagers,” a unique blend of essays and illustrations to unravel the complexities of the first generation born after World War II.

In 1968, Godal visited Israel, using his artistic talents to document and share his experiences through illustrated articles. A year later, his memoirs, “Kein Talent zum Tellerwaescher” (No Talent for Dishwasher), were published, providing a poignant reflection on his turbulent life and tumultuous times.

Legacy and Notable Works

Godal’s legacy extends beyond the chronological timeline of his life. His significant contributions to publications such as “Simplicissimus” and “Star,” along with his anti-fascist stance, underscore the role of artists in challenging oppressive regimes. His autobiography, “No Talent for Dishwasher,” is a testament to the resilience of the human spirit in the face of adversity.

Throughout his career, Godal left his mark on various projects. Notable works include his illustrations for Kurt Juhn’s “The Witch’s Hammer,” Claire Lee Purdy’s “Gilbert and Sullivan, Masters of Mirth and Melody,” and his creation “Spotty, the Flying Dog.” His collaborations with various authors and artists showcased his ability to blend visual and literary elements seamlessly.

Conclusion

Eric Godal, born Erich Goldbaum, transcended the boundaries of artistic expression and geographical borders. His journey from pre-war Berlin to the United States and back to Germany encapsulates a tumultuous historical era. As a draftsman, cartoonist, and illustrator, Godal’s work reflected his time’s societal and political currents. It stood as a testament to the enduring power of art in shaping and challenging narratives. His life remains an inspiration for aspiring artists and a reminder of the importance of artistic expression in the face of adversity.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Eric Godal (Erich Goldbaum)

Who was Eric Godal?

Eric Godal, known by the pseudonym Erich Godal, was a German caricaturist, illustrator, and painter born in Berlin on January 15, 1899.

What was Eric Godal’s real name?

Eric Godal’s real name was Erich Goldbaum. He used the pseudonym Erich Godal in his professional career.

What were Eric Godal’s occupations?

Eric Godal was a caricaturist, illustrator, painter, graphic designer, university teacher, and draughtsman. He was associated with the New School in the United States.

Tell me about Eric Godal’s early life and education.

Erich Goldbaum, born into a family of a senior bank employee, attended high school in Berlin. He studied painting, stage design, and sculpture at the Berlin-Charlottenburg School of Applied Arts.

Why did Eric Godal flee Germany in 1933?

Eric Godal fled Germany in 1933 after the Nazis seized power. He escaped to Prague, where he continued his work as a cartoonist for anti-Nazi publications.

What did Eric Godal do in the United States during World War II?

Eric Godal contributed to various papers in the United States, founded the exile newspaper Star, and provided political cartoons. He also worked on the Jewish exile newspaper Aufbau and had a teaching position at the New School of Social Research.

When did Eric Godal return to Germany, and why?

Due to McCarthyism, Eric Godal returned to Germany in 1954. He wrote for Springerpresse publications and received commissions for book illustrations.

Tell me about Eric Godal’s literary contributions.

Eric Godal illustrated and contributed to various books, including “Teenagers” (1958) and his posthumously published autobiography, “No Talent for Dishwasher” (1969).

Did Eric Godal visit Israel?

Yes, Eric Godal visited Israel in 1968 to write illustrated articles.

When and where did Eric Godal pass away?

Eric Godal died on September 2, 1969, in Hamburg, Germany.